E-ARK glossary
This glossary is based on many existing glossaries and expert opinions. If a definition in the glossary is derived from an existing glossary the source is given.
Browse the glossary using this index
Special | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ALL
I |
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ISInformation System
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
ISAInteroperability Solutions for European Public Administrations
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
ISAD(G)General International Standard Archival Description - Second edition.
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ISO International Organization for Standardization. http://www.iso.org/iso/home.html;
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
ISSPThe Information System Security Policy developed by DG ADMIN/DS
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
ITILInformation Technology Infrastructure Library
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
ITTOInput, Output, Tools and Techniques
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
J |
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J2EEPrevious name for Java EE.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
Java EEJava Enterprise Edition
Java EE provides an API and runtime environment for developing and running enterprise software, including network and web services, and other large-scale, multi-tiered, scalable, reliable, and secure network applications.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
JavaScriptA high-level, dynamic, untyped, and interpreted programming language, which has been standardised in the ECMAScript language specification.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
JAXBJava Architecture for XML Binding
A Java API that makes it easier to access XML documents from applications written in the Java programming language.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
JBossJ2EE application server for developing and deploying enterprise Java applications, Web applications and services, and portals.
JBoss is now known as WildFly.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
JHove2 A characterization tool for digital objects. Characterisation is comprised of four elements;" identifying the object's format; validating that the object conforms to its format's technical norms;, extracting technical metadata from the object; and assessing whether the object should be accepted into a repository, based on policies set by the curator. https";//bitbucket.org/jhove2/main/wiki/Home
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
JMSJava Message Service
A messaging standard that allows Java EE application components to create, send, receive and read messages.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
JPAJava Persistence API
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group, a committee that oversees international standards for compression and processing of digital photographs . The majority of JPEG formats are lossy. http://www.jpeg.org/;
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
JPEG 2000 a revision of the JPEG format which can use lossless compression.
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
JSONJavaScript Object Notation
Open-standard format using human-readable text to transmit data objects consisting of attribute–value pairs. It is the most common data format used for asynchronous browser/server communication (AJAJ) where it has largely replaced XML, which is used by AJAX.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
JUSTEuropean Commission's Directorate-General for Justice and consumers
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
K |
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KerkoviThe eSENS generic AS4 Conformance and Interoperability bridge that achieves connectivity between the testing system (Minder Testbed) and the AS4-compliant Gateways.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
Kilobyte (KB) A unit of digital information often used to describe data or data storage size, equates to approximately 1,000 Bytes;;
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
KPIKey Performance Indicator
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
L |
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LAALegal Assurance and Accountability
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
Life-cycle Management" Records management practices have established life-cycle management for many years, for both paper and electronic records. The major implications for life-cycle management of digital resources, whatever their form or function, is the need actively to manage the resource at each stage of its life-cycle and to recognise the inter-dependencies between each stage and commence preservation activities as early as practicable. This represents a major difference with most traditional preservation, where management is largely passive until detailed conservation work is required, typically, many years after creation and rarely, if ever, involving the creator. There is an active and inter-linked life-cycle to digital resources which has prompted many to promote the term ""continuum"" to distinguish it from the more traditional and linear flow of the life-cycle for traditional analogue materials. We have used the term life-cycle to apply to this pro-active concept of preservation management for digital materials.";;
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
Lossless compressionLossless compression is a class of data compression algorithms that allows the original data to be perfectly reconstructed from the compressed data. By contrast, lossy compression permits reconstruction only of an approximation of the original data, though usually with improved compression rates.
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Lossy Compression A mechanism for reducing file sizes that typically discards data.
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
LOTAR (LOng Term Archiving and Retrieval) a digital preservation standard for 3D CAD models and product data management information developed by LOTAR International, an industrial consortium of aerospace and defence companies from the US and Europe. http://www.lotar-international.org;
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
LSPLarge Scale Pilot
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
LZWLempel–Ziv–Welch is a universal lossless data compression algorithm created by Abraham Lempel, Jacob Ziv, and Terry Welch.
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M |
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M2MMachine to Machine
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
machine- readable documentationA machine-readable document is a document whose content can be readily processed by computers. Such documents are distinguished from machine-readable data by virtue of having sufficient structure to provide the necessary context to support the business processes for which they are created.
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Managed ServiceService Management is a set of specialized organizational capabilities for providing value to customers in the form of services.
A service is a means of delivering value to customers by facilitating outcomes customers want to achieve without the ownership of specific costs and risks.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
MCMessage Consumer
The Message Consumer is an entity that interacts with a Receiving MSH (i.e. an MSH in the Receiving role) to consume data from a received user message.
Some examples are:
An application.
A queuing system.
Another SOAP processor.
The Consumer is always an MSH endpoint.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
MDNMessage Disposition Notification
The acknowledgment sent in response to an AS2 message.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
Megabyte (MB) A unit of digital information often used to describe data or data storage size, equates to approximately 1,000 Kilobytes (KB).
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
MEPMessage Exchange Pattern
A Message Exchange Pattern describes the pattern of messages required by a communications protocol to establish or use a communication channel.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
MetadataA characterization or description documenting the identification, management, nature, use, or location of information resources (data). Metadata is commonly defined as “data about data.” Metadata is frequently used to locate or manage information resources by abstracting or classifying those resources or by capturing information not inherent in the resource. Metadata is typically organized into distinct categories and relies on conventions to establish the values for each category. For example, administrative metadata may include the date and source of acquisition, disposal date, and disposal method. Descriptive metadata may include information about the content and form of the materials. Preservation metadata may record activities to protect or extend the life of the resource, such as reformatting. Structural metadata may indicate the interrelationships between discrete information resources, such as page numbers. In terms of archives, MARC format and EAD are standards for structuring descriptive metadata about collections. Dublin Core is a standard for structuring metadata that is intended for describing web resources.
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METSThe METS schema is a standard for encoding descriptive, administrative, and structural metadata regarding objects within a digital library, expressed using the XML schema language of the World Wide Web Consortium. The standard is maintained in the Network Development and MARC Standards Office of the Library of Congress and is being developed as an initiative of the Digital Library Federation. http://www.loc.gov/standards/mets/ | |
Migration A means of overcoming technological obsolescence by transferring digital resources from one hardware/software generation to the next. The purpose of migration is to preserve the intellectual content of digital objects and to retain the ability for clients to retrieve, display, and otherwise use them in the face of constantly changing technology. Migration differs from the refreshing of storage media in that it is not always possible to make an exact digital copy or replicate original features and appearance and still maintain the compatibility of the resource with the new generation of technology.
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
MIME Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions. A protocol for including non-ASCII information in email messages. Software typically include interpreters that convert MIME content to and from its native format, as necessary. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIME;
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
MinderAn OSS generic testing environment, checking the technical conformance and interoperability of CEF building blocks.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
MLAMutual Legal Assistance
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
MPMessage Producer
The Message Producer is an entity that interacts with a Sending MSH (i.e. an MSH in the Sending role) to initiate the sending of a user message.
Some examples are:
An application.
A queuing system.
Another SOAP processor.
But not another MSH!
The Producer is always an MSH endpoint.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
MPCMessage Partition Channel
Different MPCs can exist, each defined as a Container.
An MPC allows the flow of messages from a Sending MSH to a Receiving MSH to be partitioned into several flows, each of which is controlled separately.
An MPC also allows flows from several Sending MSHs to be merged into a single unique flow that will be treated as such by a Receiving MSH.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
MPEG Moving Picture Experts Group. A committee responsible for the development of international standards for compression, decompression, processing, and coded representation of moving pictures, audio and their combination. https;//mpeg.chiariglione.org/;
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
MSMember State(s)
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
MSAMaster Service Arragement
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
MSHMessage Service Handler
The MSH is an entity that is able to generate or process messages that conform to the ebMS specification, and which act in at least one of the two ebMS roles: Sender and Receiver.
In terms of SOAP processing, an MSH is either a SOAP processor or a chain of SOAP processors. In either case, an MSH has to be able to understand the eb:Messaging header (qualified with the ebMS namespace).
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
MTMachine Translation
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
MT@ECThe Machine Translation service of the European Commission
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
MTOMMessage Transfer Optimisation Mechanism
or
Message Transmission Optimisation Mechanism
From SOAP.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
N |
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NCDD The Netherlands Coalition for Digital Preservation. http://www.ncdd.nl/en/;
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
NDSA National Digital Stewardship Alliance a US based organisation active in digital preservation. http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/ndsa/;
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
NESTOR The German competence network for digital preservation. http://www.langzeitarchivierung.de/Subsites/nestor/EN/Home/home_node.html/;
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
NLPNatural language processing
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
NonceA number or bit string used only once in security engineering.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
NRRNon-Repudiation of Receipt
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
O |
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OAISThe Open Archival Information System (OAIS) is an archive (and a standard: ISO 14721:2003), consisting of an organisation of people and systems that has accepted the responsibility to preserve information and make it available for a Designated Community.
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OASISAdvancing open standards for the information society
Non-profit, international consortium creating interoperable industry specifications based on public standards.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
ODROnline Dispute Resolution
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
OMBOperational Management Board
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
Open Archival Information System (OAIS) An Archive, consisting of an organization, which may be part of a larger organization, of people and systems, that has accepted the responsibility to preserve information and make it available for a Designated Community. It meets a set of responsibilities, as defined in section 4 of the OAIS standard that allows an OAIS Archive to be distinguished from other uses of the term ?ÇÿArchive?ÇÖ. The term ?ÇÿOpen?ÇÖ in OAIS is used to imply that the OAIS standards are developed in open forums, and it does not imply that access to the Archive is unrestricted. The OAIS abbreviation is also used commonly to refer to the Open Archival Information System reference model standard which defined the term. The standard is a conceptual framework describing the environment, functional components, and information objects associated with a system responsible for the long-term preservation. As a reference model, its primary purpose is to provide a common set of concepts and definitions that can assist discussion across sectors and professional groups and facilitate the specification of archives and digital preservation systems. It has a very basic set of conformance requirements that should be seen as minimalist. OAIS was first approved as ISO Standard 14721 in 2002 and a 2nd edition was published in 2012. Although produced under the leadership of the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS), it had major input from libraries and archives.
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
OPF Open Preservation Foundation, formerly the Open Planets Foundation. http://openpreservation.org;
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
OSIOpen Systems Interconnection
The OSI model is a conceptual model that characterises and standardises the communication functions of a telecommunication or computing system without regard to their underlying internal structure and technology. Its goal is the interoperability of diverse communication systems with standard protocols. The model partitions a communication system into abstraction layers. The original version of the model defined seven layers.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
OSSOpen Source Software
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
OxalisOxalis is a PEPPOL Access Point OSS implementation.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
P |
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PAIMAS Space Data and Information Transfer Systems - Producer-Archive Interface - Methodology Abstract Standard. This ISO 20652;2006 standard covers the first stages of the ingest process defined by OAIS reference model. http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=39577
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
PAOProject and Architecture Office
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
PConfProcessing Mode Configuration
A text file with extension .pconf is used by an Eclipse plug-in to generate the PMode XML file.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
Portable Document Format, a set of formats and open standards maintained by the International Organization for Standardization for producing and sharing electronic documents originally developed by Adobe Systems. The original page description format has been elaborated over successive versions to enable the embedding of such complex objects as image, audio, and moving image files, hyperlinks, embedded XML metadata, and updatable forms. Specification for various versions and profiles of the format are now maintained by the International Standards Organization. http://www.adobe.com/uk/products/acrobat/adobepdf.html;
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
PDF/A Versions of the PDF standard intended for archival use. http://www.aiim.org/Research-and-Publications/Standards/Committees/PDFA;
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
PDI Preservation Description Information. The information which is necessary for adequate preservation of the Content Information and which can be categorized as Provenance, Reference, Fixity, Context, and Access Rights Information (OAIS term).
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
PEPPOLPan-European Public Procurement Online
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
Perpetual Access see Continuing Access.
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
Petabyte (PB) A unit of digital information often used to describe data or data storage size, equates to approximately 1,000 Terabytes (TB).
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
PIN P??rennisation des Informations Num??riques, the French national interest group for digital preservation. http://pin.association-aristote.fr/doku.php;
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
PKIPublic Key Infrastructure
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
PModeProcessing Mode
A collection of parameters that determine how User Messages are exchanged between a pair of Access Points with respect to Quality of Service, Transmission Mode and Error Handling.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
PoCPoint of Contact
Name of contact person.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
POJOPlain Old Java Object
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
Post-cancellation Access see Continuing Access.
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
PREMISThe PREMIS Data Dictionary for Preservation Metadata is the international standard for metadata to support the preservation of Digital Objects and ensure their long-term usability. Developed by an international team of experts, PREMIS is implemented in digital preservation projects around the world, and support for PREMIS is incorporated into a number of commercial and open-source digital preservation tools and systems. The PREMIS Editorial Committee coordinates revisions and implementation of the standard, which consists of the Data Dictionary, an XML schema, and supporting documentation. http://www.loc.gov/standards/premis/ | |
Preservation Description Information“The information which is necessary for adequate preservation of the Content Information and which can be categorized as Provenance, Reference, Fixity, Context, and Access Rights Information.”
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Preservation metadataPreservation metadata is an essential component of most digital preservation strategies. As an increasing proportion of the world’s information output shifts from analogue to digital form, it is necessary to develop new strategies to preserve this information for the long-term. Preservation metadata is information that supports and documents the digital preservation process. Preservation metadata is sometimes considered a subset of technical or administrative metadata.
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Profile (European Profile)In standardization, a profile is a subset internal to a specification. Aspects of a complex technical specification may necessarily have more than one interpretation, and there are probably many optional features.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
Projected coordinate systemsGeospatial data can have a geographic coordinate system or a projected coordinate system or a geographic projection. Projections are used to define coordinates in distance units as opposed to angular units in geographic coordinate systems.
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PRONOM A database of file formats, software products and other technical components required to support long-term access to electronic records and other digital objects of cultural, historical or business value. Used with DROID. http://apps.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/Default.aspx;
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
PSCPoint of Single Contact
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
PSPPolicy Support Programme
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
PST Personal Storage Table is a file extension for local 'personal stores' written by the program Microsoft Outlook. PST files contain email messages and calendar entries using a proprietary but open format, and they may be found on local or networked drives of email end users. Several tools can read and migrate PST files to other formats. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_Storage_Table;
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
Q |
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QoSQuality of Service
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
R |
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RARegistration Authority
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
RecordA Record is defined as “information created, received and maintained as evidence and information by an organization or person, in pursuance of legal obligations or in the transaction of business” (ISO 15489-1:2001, 3.15).
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Reformatting Copying information content from one storage medium to a different storage medium (media reformatting) or converting from one file format to a different file format (file re-formatting).
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
Refreshing Copying information content from one storage media to the same storage media.
Definition by https://www.dpconline.org/handbook/glossary | |
RSPReliable Secure Profile
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
RUPRational Unified Process
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
S |
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S/MIMESecure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
A standard for public key encryption and signing of MIME data.
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |
SADSoftware Architecture Document
Definition from https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/CEF+Glossary | |